Germany

Thirty years ago, a wave of optimism swept across Europe as walls and regimes fell, and long-oppressed publics embraced open societies, open markets and a more united Europe. Three decades later, a new Pew Research Center survey finds that few people in the former Eastern Bloc regret the monumental changes of 1989-1991.

Lower fertility rates and aging populations have become worldwide concerns, but the G7 nations have stood out for their lower birth rates and graying populations.

Across 27 nations surveyed by Pew Research Center in 2018, people were more dissatisfied than satisfied with the way democracy is working in their country. This held especially true in a dozen countries where negative views of democracy outpaced positive by more than 10 percentage points.

Across 27 countries, more people are unhappy with the state of democracy in their countries than satisfied. Discontent with democracy is tied to concerns about the economy, individual rights and out-of-touch elites.

People see diversity and gender equality increasing in their countries but say family ties have weakened. Views on the importance of religion vary widely.

Majorities in many countries say global climate change is a major threat to their nation. Global concerns about climate change have risen since 2013.

Many Europeans say the European Union promotes peace, and most think it promotes democratic values and prosperity. But they also tend to see it as inefficient, intrusive and out of touch with citizens' needs.

A growing share of people globally see U.S. power and influence as a major threat to their country. Views are linked with attitudes toward Trump and the U.S. as a whole.

More countries see climate change as a top international threat, but many people also name ISIS and cyberattacks as their top security concern.