Survey Methods

Here, we address some of the most common questions we receive about the nuts and bolts of taking a U.S.-focused Pew Research Center poll.

One method to improve survey representation of the non-internet and less literate population is to allow people to take surveys offline. In March, we fielded a study to test the feasibility and effect of collecting data through respondent-initiated interactive voice response; here’s what we found.

Here, we discuss the findings of a comprehensive report about the polling errors of 2020 and their implications for polling.

A new evaluation of the Center's national American Trends Panel finds little evidence that panel estimates are affected by errors associated with panel conditioning, a phenomenon that occurs when survey participation changes respondents’ true or reported behavior over time.

The difference in support for the death penalty by survey mode has important consequences for understanding trends on the issue.

In 2020, Pew Research Center launched a new project called the National Public Opinion Reference Survey (NPORS). NPORS is an annual, cross-sectional survey of U.S. adults. Respondents can answer either by paper or online, and they are selected using address-based sampling from the United States Postal Service’s computerized delivery sequence file.

Looking at final estimates of the outcome of the 2020 U.S. presidential race, 93% of national polls overstated the Democratic candidate’s support among voters, while nearly as many (88%) did so in 2016.

Polling organizations have taken close looks at how election surveys are designed, administered and analyzed. We are no exception.

Given the errors in 2016 and 2020 election polling, how much should we trust polls that attempt to measure opinions on issues?

The 9-point fall in approval was the largest change between two Pew Research Center polls since Donald Trump took office.