Age distribution among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are ages…
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Survey year
18-29
30-49
50-64
65+
Sample size
2014
46%
36%
16%
2%
241
2007
37%
40%
19%
4%
117
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Generational cohort among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are…
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Survey year
Younger Millennial
Older Millennial
Generation X
Baby Boomer
Silent
Greatest
Sample size
2014
30%
22%
30%
16%
2%
< 1%
241
2007
< 1%
34%
35%
27%
4%
1%
117
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Gender composition among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are…
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Survey year
Men
Women
Sample size
2014
57%
43%
243
2007
62%
38%
120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Racial and ethnic composition among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as…
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Survey year
White
Black
Asian
Latino
Other/Mixed
Sample size
2014
52%
12%
7%
23%
6%
242
2007
59%
7%
5%
27%
1%
119
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Immigrant status among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are…
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Survey year
Immigrants
Second generation
Third generation or higher
Sample size
2014
19%
11%
70%
237
2007
24%
9%
67%
117
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Income distribution among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who have a household income of…
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Survey year
Less than $30,000
$30,000-$49,999
$50,000-$99,999
$100,000 or more
Sample size
2014
46%
19%
22%
14%
218
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Educational distribution among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who have completed…
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Survey year
High school or less
Some college
College
Post-graduate degree
Sample size
2014
49%
29%
16%
6%
243
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Marital status among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are…
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Survey year
Married
Living with a partner
Divorced/separated
Widowed
Never married
Sample size
2014
32%
12%
8%
2%
47%
243
2007
52%
7%
10%
2%
30%
117
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Parent of children under 18 among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are…
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Survey year
Parents
Non-parents
Sample size
2014
28%
72%
243
2007
45%
55%
119
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Beliefs✭and✭Practices
Belief in God among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say they…
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Survey year
Believe in God; absolutely certain
Believe in God; fairly certain
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain
Believe in God; don't know
Do not believe in God
Other/don't know if they believe in God
Sample size
2014
37%
34%
16%
< 1%
11%
2%
243
2007
43%
37%
8%
< 1%
7%
4%
120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Importance of religion in one's life among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say religion is…
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Survey year
Very important
Somewhat important
Not too important
Not at all important
Don't know
Sample size
2014
14%
40%
28%
19%
< 1%
243
2007
22%
42%
19%
14%
3%
120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Attendance at religious services among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who attend religious services…
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Survey year
At least once a week
Once or twice a month/a few times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
2014
2%
34%
63%
< 1%
243
2007
9%
30%
61%
< 1%
120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of prayer among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who pray…
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Survey year
At least daily
Weekly
Monthly
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
2014
21%
20%
16%
43%
< 1%
243
2007
32%
21%
9%
36%
2%
120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who attend prayer group…
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Survey year
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
2014
3%
5%
10%
82%
< 1%
243
2007
12%
3%
3%
80%
1%
120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of meditation among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who meditate…
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Survey year
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
2014
19%
10%
6%
64%
2%
243
2007
31%
5%
4%
58%
2%
120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…
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Survey year
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
2014
32%
20%
15%
33%
< 1%
243
2007
33%
19%
12%
33%
4%
120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…
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Survey year
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
2014
36%
15%
12%
37%
< 1%
243
2007
36%
15%
15%
32%
2%
120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say…
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Survey year
There are clear standards for what is right and wrong
Right or wrong depends on the situation
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
2014
14%
85%
< 1%
< 1%
243
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of reading scripture among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who read scripture…
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Survey year
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
2014
7%
6%
7%
81%
< 1%
243
2007
17%
1%
8%
73%
1%
120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Interpreting scripture among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say the holy scripture is…
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Survey year
Word of God; should be taken literally
Word of God; not everything taken literally
Word of God; other/don't know
Not the word of God
Other/don't know
Sample size
2014
17%
16%
< 1%
60%
6%
243
2007
15%
23%
2%
45%
15%
120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Hell among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who …in hell
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Survey year
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
2014
66%
31%
4%
243
2007
61%
32%
7%
120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Social✭and✭Political✭Views
Party affiliation among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who identify as…
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Survey year
Republican/lean Rep.
No lean
Democrat/lean Dem.
Sample size
2014
23%
24%
54%
243
2007
21%
26%
53%
120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Political ideology among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who are…
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Survey year
Conservative
Moderate
Liberal
Don't know
Sample size
2014
25%
31%
37%
7%
243
2007
29%
39%
23%
9%
120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about size of government among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who would rather have…
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Survey year
Smaller government; fewer services
Bigger government; more services
Depends
Don't know
Sample size
2014
41%
58%
< 1%
1%
243
2007
31%
65%
2%
3%
120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about government aid to the poor among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say government aid to the poor…
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Survey year
Does more harm than good
Does more good than harm
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
2014
42%
54%
2%
2%
243
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about abortion among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say abortion should be…
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Survey year
Legal in all/most cases
Illegal in all/most cases
Don't know
Sample size
2014
62%
35%
4%
243
2007
61%
36%
4%
120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about homosexuality among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say homosexuality…
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Survey year
Should be accepted
Should be discouraged
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
2014
79%
18%
2%
1%
243
2007
56%
29%
9%
7%
120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about same-sex marriage among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who …same-sex marriage
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Survey year
Strongly favor/favor
Oppose/strongly oppose
Don't know
Sample size
2014
70%
27%
3%
243
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about environmental regulation among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say…
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Survey year
Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy
Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
2014
38%
61%
< 1%
2%
243
2007
23%
72%
4%
2%
120
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about human evolution among the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong
% of the Unaffiliated who believe in Heaven who say science is their primary source of guidance on what's right and wrong who say humans…
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Survey year
Evolved; due to natural processes
Evolved; due to God's design
Evolved; don't know how
Always existed in present form
Don't know
Sample size
2014
53%
18%
1%
25%
2%
243
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.