| Survey year | Believe | Don't believe | Other/don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | 46% | 46% | 8% | 937 |
| 2007 | 50% | 38% | 12% | 773 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Learn More: Believe, Don't believe
Belief in Hell among Asians by religious group
% of Asians who …in hell
| Religious tradition | Believe | Don't believe | Other/don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Catholic | 70% | 24% | 5% | 147 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 74% | 11% | 14% | 115 |
| Hindu | 28% | 61% | 11% | 173 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 19% | 72% | 9% | 263 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Learn More: Believe, Don't believe
Switch Display To: religious group among Asians by belief in hell
Demographic✭Information
Age distribution among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who are ages…
| Belief in Hell | 18-29 | 30-49 | 50-64 | 65+ | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 39% | 34% | 18% | 9% | 415 |
| Don't believe | 43% | 41% | 11% | 5% | 410 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by age group
Generational cohort among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who are…
| Belief in Hell | Younger Millennial | Older Millennial | Generation X | Baby Boomer | Silent | Greatest | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 26% | 22% | 25% | 21% | 5% | 1% | 415 |
| Don't believe | 25% | 27% | 32% | 12% | 3% | 1% | 410 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by generational group
Gender composition among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who are…
| Belief in Hell | Men | Women | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 53% | 47% | 430 |
| Don't believe | 58% | 42% | 418 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by gender
Immigrant status among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who are…
| Belief in Hell | Immigrants | Second generation | Third generation or higher | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 69% | 25% | 6% | 416 |
| Don't believe | 69% | 23% | 8% | 411 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by immigrant status
Income distribution among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who have a household income of…
| Belief in Hell | Less than $30,000 | $30,000-$49,999 | $50,000-$99,999 | $100,000 or more | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 31% | 18% | 31% | 19% | 363 |
| Don't believe | 20% | 22% | 24% | 33% | 373 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by household income
Educational distribution among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who have completed…
| Belief in Hell | High school or less | Some college | College | Post-graduate degree | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 26% | 26% | 30% | 18% | 427 |
| Don't believe | 20% | 25% | 26% | 29% | 415 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by educational group
Marital status among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who are…
| Belief in Hell | Married | Living with a partner | Divorced/separated | Widowed | Never married | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 47% | 4% | 7% | 3% | 39% | 429 |
| Don't believe | 47% | 5% | 3% | 2% | 43% | 416 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by marital status
Parent of children under 18 among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who are…
| Belief in Hell | Parents | Non-parents | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 31% | 69% | 427 |
| Don't believe | 26% | 74% | 418 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by parental status
Beliefs✭and✭Practices
Belief in God among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who say they…
| Belief in Hell | Believe in God; absolutely certain | Believe in God; fairly certain | Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | Believe in God; don't know | Do not believe in God | Other/don't know if they believe in God | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 62% | 22% | 10% | 2% | 4% | < 1% | 430 |
| Don't believe | 26% | 22% | 15% | < 1% | 35% | 2% | 418 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by belief in God
Importance of religion in one's life among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who say religion is…
| Belief in Hell | Very important | Somewhat important | Not too important | Not at all important | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 55% | 31% | 11% | 3% | < 1% | 430 |
| Don't believe | 18% | 26% | 28% | 27% | 1% | 418 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by importance of religion
Attendance at religious services among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who attend religious services…
| Belief in Hell | At least once a week | Once or twice a month/a few times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 38% | 44% | 18% | < 1% | 430 |
| Don't believe | 13% | 39% | 47% | 1% | 418 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by religious attendance
Frequency of prayer among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who pray…
| Belief in Hell | At least daily | Weekly | Monthly | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 56% | 18% | 7% | 19% | < 1% | 430 |
| Don't believe | 27% | 9% | 10% | 54% | < 1% | 418 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by frequency of prayer
Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who attend prayer group…
| Belief in Hell | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 25% | 13% | 16% | 46% | < 1% | 430 |
| Don't believe | 10% | 6% | 10% | 74% | < 1% | 418 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by attendance at prayer groups
Frequency of meditation among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who meditate…
| Belief in Hell | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 37% | 12% | 5% | 44% | 2% | 430 |
| Don't believe | 24% | 10% | 7% | 56% | 3% | 418 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by frequency of meditation
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…
| Belief in Hell | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 54% | 16% | 15% | 14% | 2% | 430 |
| Don't believe | 37% | 17% | 18% | 27% | 1% | 418 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…
| Belief in Hell | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 37% | 19% | 19% | 24% | 1% | 430 |
| Don't believe | 34% | 16% | 25% | 24% | 1% | 418 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Sources of guidance on right and wrong among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong
| Belief in Hell | Religion | Philosophy/reason | Common sense | Science | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 33% | 13% | 40% | 12% | 2% | 430 |
| Don't believe | 5% | 21% | 50% | 23% | 1% | 418 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by sources of guidance on right and wrong
Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who say…
| Belief in Hell | There are clear standards for what is right and wrong | Right or wrong depends on the situation | Neither/both equally | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 27% | 72% | 1% | < 1% | 430 |
| Don't believe | 14% | 85% | 1% | < 1% | 418 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of reading scripture among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who read scripture…
| Belief in Hell | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 30% | 14% | 11% | 44% | < 1% | 430 |
| Don't believe | 11% | 6% | 9% | 75% | < 1% | 418 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by frequency of reading scripture
Interpreting scripture among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who say the holy scripture is…
| Belief in Hell | Word of God; should be taken literally | Word of God; not everything taken literally | Word of God; other/don't know | Not the word of God | Other/don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 32% | 31% | 3% | 27% | 7% | 430 |
| Don't believe | 7% | 9% | < 1% | 74% | 9% | 418 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by interpretation of scripture
Belief in Heaven among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who …in heaven
| Belief in Hell | Believe | Don't believe | Other/don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 94% | 4% | 3% | 430 |
| Don't believe | 28% | 70% | 2% | 418 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by belief in heaven
Social✭and✭Political✭Views
Party affiliation among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who identify as…
| Belief in Hell | Republican/lean Rep. | No lean | Democrat/lean Dem. | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 35% | 23% | 42% | 430 |
| Don't believe | 18% | 23% | 60% | 418 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by political party
Political ideology among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who are…
| Belief in Hell | Conservative | Moderate | Liberal | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 30% | 37% | 27% | 6% | 430 |
| Don't believe | 13% | 39% | 41% | 7% | 418 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by political ideology
Views about size of government among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who would rather have…
| Belief in Hell | Smaller government; fewer services | Bigger government; more services | Depends | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 39% | 59% | 2% | 1% | 430 |
| Don't believe | 40% | 56% | 2% | 2% | 418 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by views about size of government
Views about government aid to the poor among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who say government aid to the poor…
| Belief in Hell | Does more harm than good | Does more good than harm | Neither/both equally | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 45% | 51% | 2% | 2% | 430 |
| Don't believe | 33% | 62% | 4% | 2% | 418 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by views about government aid to the poor
Views about abortion among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who say abortion should be…
| Belief in Hell | Legal in all/most cases | Illegal in all/most cases | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 51% | 46% | 3% | 430 |
| Don't believe | 73% | 23% | 4% | 418 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by views about abortion
Views about homosexuality among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who say homosexuality…
| Belief in Hell | Should be accepted | Should be discouraged | Neither/both equally | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 59% | 35% | 2% | 3% | 430 |
| Don't believe | 81% | 13% | 2% | 4% | 418 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by views about homosexuality
Views about same-sex marriage among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who …same-sex marriage
| Belief in Hell | Strongly favor/favor | Oppose/strongly oppose | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 52% | 43% | 5% | 430 |
| Don't believe | 78% | 16% | 6% | 418 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by views about same-sex marriage
Views about environmental regulation among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who say…
| Belief in Hell | Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy | Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost | Neither/both equally | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 38% | 60% | 1% | 1% | 430 |
| Don't believe | 24% | 69% | 2% | 5% | 418 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by views about environmental protection
Views about human evolution among Asians by belief in hell
% of Asians who say humans…
| Belief in Hell | Evolved; due to natural processes | Evolved; due to God's design | Evolved; don't know how | Always existed in present form | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe | 32% | 25% | 2% | 38% | 3% | 430 |
| Don't believe | 65% | 9% | 6% | 16% | 3% | 418 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in hell among Asians by views about human evolution
