| Survey year | Believe in God; absolutely certain | Believe in God; fairly certain | Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | Believe in God; don't know | Do not believe in God | Other/don't know if they believe in God | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | 45% | 24% | 8% | 1% | 19% | 3% | 8,504 |
| 2007 | 55% | 22% | 6% | 1% | 10% | 5% | 6,809 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Learn More: Believe in God; absolutely certain, Believe in God; fairly certain, Believe in God; not too/not at all certain, Do not believe in God
Belief in God among liberals by religious group
% of liberals who say they…
| Religious tradition | Believe in God; absolutely certain | Believe in God; fairly certain | Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | Believe in God; don't know | Do not believe in God | Other/don't know if they believe in God | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Buddhist | 23% | 28% | 9% | 1% | 31% | 7% | 136 |
| Catholic | 52% | 35% | 8% | 2% | 3% | 1% | 1,474 |
| Evangelical Protestant | 76% | 19% | 3% | 1% | < 1% | 1% | 937 |
| Historically Black Protestant | 87% | 11% | 2% | < 1% | < 1% | < 1% | 467 |
| Jewish | 23% | 26% | 16% | 1% | 26% | 8% | 394 |
| Mainline Protestant | 58% | 31% | 6% | 1% | 3% | 1% | 1,259 |
| Unaffiliated (religious "nones") | 20% | 19% | 11% | < 1% | 43% | 5% | 3,107 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Learn More: Believe in God; absolutely certain, Believe in God; fairly certain, Believe in God; not too/not at all certain, Do not believe in God
Switch Display To: religious group among liberals by belief in God
Demographic✭Information
Age distribution among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who are ages…
| Belief in God | 18-29 | 30-49 | 50-64 | 65+ | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 21% | 35% | 28% | 16% | 3,531 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 27% | 39% | 22% | 12% | 1,954 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 36% | 32% | 21% | 11% | 719 |
| Do not believe in God | 38% | 34% | 16% | 12% | 1,796 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 31% | 32% | 21% | 16% | 321 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by age group
Generational cohort among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who are…
| Belief in God | Younger Millennial | Older Millennial | Generation X | Baby Boomer | Silent | Greatest | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 13% | 15% | 28% | 33% | 10% | 1% | 3,531 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 15% | 19% | 31% | 26% | 7% | 1% | 1,954 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 23% | 21% | 25% | 25% | 6% | 1% | 719 |
| Do not believe in God | 25% | 22% | 25% | 20% | 7% | 1% | 1,796 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 21% | 15% | 27% | 26% | 10% | 1% | 321 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by generational group
Gender composition among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who are…
| Belief in God | Men | Women | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 39% | 61% | 3,581 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 45% | 55% | 1,976 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 50% | 50% | 726 |
| Do not believe in God | 58% | 42% | 1,814 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 44% | 56% | 333 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by gender
Racial and ethnic composition among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who identify as…
| Belief in God | White | Black | Asian | Latino | Other/Mixed | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 50% | 22% | 4% | 20% | 5% | 3,532 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 60% | 8% | 4% | 24% | 4% | 1,963 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 67% | 5% | 10% | 16% | 3% | 720 |
| Do not believe in God | 79% | 2% | 7% | 8% | 4% | 1,797 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 78% | 5% | 4% | 9% | 4% | 323 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by race/ethnicity
Immigrant status among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who are…
| Belief in God | Immigrants | Second generation | Third generation or higher | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 18% | 12% | 70% | 3,520 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 25% | 12% | 64% | 1,947 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 21% | 16% | 63% | 722 |
| Do not believe in God | 13% | 15% | 72% | 1,800 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 12% | 13% | 75% | 330 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by immigrant status
Income distribution among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who have a household income of…
| Belief in God | Less than $30,000 | $30,000-$49,999 | $50,000-$99,999 | $100,000 or more | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 44% | 21% | 21% | 14% | 3,239 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 37% | 19% | 23% | 20% | 1,785 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 29% | 17% | 25% | 29% | 671 |
| Do not believe in God | 22% | 17% | 30% | 30% | 1,685 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 23% | 21% | 26% | 30% | 270 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by household income
Educational distribution among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who have completed…
| Belief in God | High school or less | Some college | College | Post-graduate degree | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 44% | 31% | 14% | 11% | 3,565 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 38% | 28% | 19% | 15% | 1,969 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 32% | 23% | 24% | 21% | 724 |
| Do not believe in God | 20% | 29% | 28% | 22% | 1,809 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 17% | 35% | 25% | 23% | 330 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by educational group
Marital status among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who are…
| Belief in God | Married | Living with a partner | Divorced/separated | Widowed | Never married | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 40% | 9% | 18% | 7% | 26% | 3,568 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 43% | 11% | 13% | 4% | 30% | 1,969 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 39% | 12% | 8% | 4% | 37% | 724 |
| Do not believe in God | 38% | 14% | 9% | 2% | 37% | 1,808 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 42% | 8% | 10% | 4% | 36% | 327 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by marital status
Parent of children under 18 among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who are…
| Belief in God | Parents | Non-parents | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 30% | 70% | 3,578 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 30% | 70% | 1,972 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 24% | 76% | 724 |
| Do not believe in God | 20% | 80% | 1,811 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 23% | 77% | 330 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by parental status
Beliefs✭and✭Practices
Importance of religion in one's life among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who say religion is…
| Belief in God | Very important | Somewhat important | Not too important | Not at all important | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 63% | 26% | 5% | 5% | 1% | 3,581 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 26% | 41% | 20% | 11% | 1% | 1,976 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 10% | 29% | 39% | 22% | < 1% | 726 |
| Do not believe in God | 2% | 8% | 21% | 68% | < 1% | 1,814 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 9% | 16% | 36% | 37% | 2% | 333 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by importance of religion
Attendance at religious services among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who attend religious services…
| Belief in God | At least once a week | Once or twice a month/a few times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 35% | 39% | 26% | < 1% | 3,581 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 18% | 40% | 42% | < 1% | 1,976 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 8% | 34% | 58% | < 1% | 726 |
| Do not believe in God | 2% | 15% | 82% | < 1% | 1,814 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 6% | 25% | 68% | < 1% | 333 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by religious attendance
Frequency of prayer among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who pray…
| Belief in God | At least daily | Weekly | Monthly | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 67% | 18% | 5% | 9% | 1% | 3,581 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 34% | 24% | 12% | 30% | 1% | 1,976 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 16% | 14% | 10% | 59% | < 1% | 726 |
| Do not believe in God | 2% | 1% | 3% | 94% | < 1% | 1,814 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 8% | 10% | 8% | 71% | 3% | 333 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by frequency of prayer
Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who attend prayer group…
| Belief in God | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 25% | 11% | 8% | 55% | < 1% | 3,581 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 11% | 9% | 7% | 73% | < 1% | 1,976 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 5% | 3% | 5% | 86% | < 1% | 726 |
| Do not believe in God | 1% | 1% | 2% | 96% | < 1% | 1,814 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 4% | 3% | 3% | 89% | 2% | 333 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by attendance at prayer groups
Frequency of meditation among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who meditate…
| Belief in God | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 50% | 8% | 4% | 36% | 2% | 3,581 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 36% | 12% | 6% | 44% | 1% | 1,976 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 24% | 13% | 7% | 55% | 1% | 726 |
| Do not believe in God | 21% | 9% | 6% | 64% | 1% | 1,814 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 24% | 9% | 8% | 54% | 4% | 333 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by frequency of meditation
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…
| Belief in God | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 67% | 14% | 8% | 11% | 1% | 3,581 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 47% | 18% | 15% | 19% | 1% | 1,976 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 34% | 20% | 15% | 30% | 1% | 726 |
| Do not believe in God | 32% | 18% | 9% | 40% | 2% | 1,814 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 38% | 13% | 11% | 33% | 5% | 333 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing
Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…
| Belief in God | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 50% | 14% | 11% | 24% | 1% | 3,581 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 46% | 17% | 16% | 20% | 1% | 1,976 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 48% | 17% | 13% | 22% | < 1% | 726 |
| Do not believe in God | 51% | 18% | 12% | 18% | 1% | 1,814 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 55% | 16% | 16% | 12% | 1% | 333 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Sources of guidance on right and wrong among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong
| Belief in God | Religion | Philosophy/reason | Common sense | Science | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 31% | 12% | 47% | 8% | 3% | 3,581 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 13% | 18% | 52% | 15% | 2% | 1,976 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 6% | 25% | 49% | 18% | 2% | 726 |
| Do not believe in God | 1% | 23% | 45% | 29% | 1% | 1,814 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 4% | 27% | 50% | 15% | 5% | 333 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by sources of guidance on right and wrong
Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who say…
| Belief in God | There are clear standards for what is right and wrong | Right or wrong depends on the situation | Neither/both equally | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 24% | 74% | 1% | 1% | 3,581 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 17% | 80% | 1% | 1% | 1,976 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 16% | 83% | 1% | 1% | 726 |
| Do not believe in God | 12% | 87% | 1% | < 1% | 1,814 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 12% | 84% | 2% | 2% | 333 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of reading scripture among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who read scripture…
| Belief in God | At least once a week | Once or twice a month | Several times a year | Seldom/never | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 39% | 12% | 10% | 38% | 1% | 3,581 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 14% | 10% | 10% | 66% | < 1% | 1,976 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 5% | 6% | 6% | 82% | < 1% | 726 |
| Do not believe in God | 2% | 3% | 5% | 90% | < 1% | 1,814 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 7% | 5% | 6% | 80% | 2% | 333 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by frequency of reading scripture
Interpreting scripture among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who say the holy scripture is…
| Belief in God | Word of God; should be taken literally | Word of God; not everything taken literally | Word of God; other/don't know | Not the word of God | Other/don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 33% | 29% | 2% | 28% | 8% | 3,581 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 14% | 21% | 1% | 57% | 7% | 1,976 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 5% | 8% | < 1% | 80% | 6% | 726 |
| Do not believe in God | < 1% | 2% | < 1% | 96% | 2% | 1,814 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 2% | 1% | 1% | 84% | 11% | 333 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by interpretation of scripture
Belief in Heaven among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who …in heaven
| Belief in God | Believe | Don't believe | Other/don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 83% | 12% | 5% | 3,581 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 61% | 30% | 8% | 1,976 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 35% | 54% | 11% | 726 |
| Do not believe in God | 4% | 94% | 3% | 1,814 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 12% | 62% | 26% | 333 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by belief in heaven
Belief in Hell among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who …in hell
| Belief in God | Believe | Don't believe | Other/don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 62% | 31% | 7% | 3,581 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 41% | 51% | 8% | 1,976 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 23% | 69% | 8% | 726 |
| Do not believe in God | 3% | 96% | 1% | 1,814 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 9% | 71% | 20% | 333 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by belief in hell
Social✭and✭Political✭Views
Party affiliation among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who identify as…
| Belief in God | Republican/lean Rep. | No lean | Democrat/lean Dem. | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 15% | 17% | 68% | 3,581 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 12% | 16% | 71% | 1,976 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 9% | 10% | 81% | 726 |
| Do not believe in God | 5% | 9% | 86% | 1,814 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 4% | 14% | 82% | 333 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by political party
Views about size of government among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who would rather have…
| Belief in God | Smaller government; fewer services | Bigger government; more services | Depends | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 31% | 63% | 3% | 3% | 3,581 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 27% | 67% | 3% | 3% | 1,976 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 27% | 66% | 4% | 3% | 726 |
| Do not believe in God | 24% | 70% | 3% | 3% | 1,814 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 26% | 55% | 8% | 10% | 333 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by views about size of government
Views about government aid to the poor among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who say government aid to the poor…
| Belief in God | Does more harm than good | Does more good than harm | Neither/both equally | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 29% | 66% | 4% | 2% | 3,581 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 25% | 72% | 2% | 1% | 1,976 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 21% | 74% | 3% | 2% | 726 |
| Do not believe in God | 14% | 83% | 2% | 1% | 1,814 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 12% | 78% | 6% | 4% | 333 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by views about government aid to the poor
Views about abortion among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who say abortion should be…
| Belief in God | Legal in all/most cases | Illegal in all/most cases | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 62% | 34% | 4% | 3,581 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 73% | 24% | 3% | 1,976 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 84% | 14% | 2% | 726 |
| Do not believe in God | 92% | 6% | 2% | 1,814 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 89% | 7% | 4% | 333 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by views about abortion
Views about homosexuality among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who say homosexuality…
| Belief in God | Should be accepted | Should be discouraged | Neither/both equally | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 70% | 24% | 3% | 3% | 3,581 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 85% | 11% | 2% | 2% | 1,976 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 88% | 9% | 1% | 1% | 726 |
| Do not believe in God | 96% | 3% | 1% | < 1% | 1,814 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 89% | 5% | 2% | 3% | 333 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by views about homosexuality
Views about same-sex marriage among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who …same-sex marriage
| Belief in God | Strongly favor/favor | Oppose/strongly oppose | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 64% | 29% | 6% | 3,581 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 80% | 15% | 4% | 1,976 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 88% | 9% | 4% | 726 |
| Do not believe in God | 96% | 3% | 1% | 1,814 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 90% | 6% | 3% | 333 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by views about same-sex marriage
Views about environmental regulation among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who say…
| Belief in God | Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy | Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost | Neither/both equally | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 26% | 69% | 2% | 3% | 3,581 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 22% | 75% | 1% | 2% | 1,976 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 17% | 80% | 1% | 2% | 726 |
| Do not believe in God | 8% | 90% | 1% | < 1% | 1,814 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 12% | 84% | 2% | 2% | 333 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by views about environmental protection
Views about human evolution among liberals by belief in God
% of liberals who say humans…
| Belief in God | Evolved; due to natural processes | Evolved; due to God's design | Evolved; don't know how | Always existed in present form | Don't know | Sample size |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Believe in God; absolutely certain | 28% | 32% | 4% | 32% | 4% | 3,581 |
| Believe in God; fairly certain | 54% | 23% | 5% | 15% | 3% | 1,976 |
| Believe in God; not too/not at all certain | 71% | 12% | 4% | 11% | 2% | 726 |
| Do not believe in God | 92% | 3% | 1% | 3% | < 1% | 1,814 |
| Other/don't know if they believe in God | 79% | 5% | 12% | 2% | 2% | 333 |
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Switch Display To: belief in God among liberals by views about human evolution
