Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Sources of guidance on right and wrong among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by religious group
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong
Chart
Table
Share
Religious tradition
Religion
Philosophy/reason
Common sense
Science
Don't know
Sample size
Catholic
34%
10%
44%
10%
2%
782
Evangelical Protestant
51%
8%
35%
3%
3%
979
Historically Black Protestant
33%
8%
49%
6%
4%
249
Mainline Protestant
32%
12%
47%
6%
3%
791
Unaffiliated (religious "nones")
11%
20%
56%
11%
2%
362
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Age distribution among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who are ages…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
18-29
30-49
50-64
65+
Sample size
Religion
20%
35%
27%
18%
1,210
Philosophy/reason
37%
34%
21%
8%
417
Common sense
27%
34%
24%
15%
1,430
Science
35%
36%
16%
12%
233
Don't know
20%
44%
20%
16%
102
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Generational cohort among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who are…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
Younger Millennial
Older Millennial
Generation X
Baby Boomer
Silent
Greatest
Sample size
Religion
14%
11%
30%
33%
11%
1%
1,210
Philosophy/reason
23%
22%
26%
24%
4%
< 1%
417
Common sense
17%
15%
28%
28%
10%
1%
1,430
Science
26%
16%
30%
19%
8%
2%
233
Don't know
14%
14%
36%
25%
11%
< 1%
102
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Gender composition among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who are…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
Men
Women
Sample size
Religion
47%
53%
1,236
Philosophy/reason
60%
40%
422
Common sense
45%
55%
1,457
Science
54%
46%
235
Don't know
49%
51%
107
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Racial and ethnic composition among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who identify as…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
White
Black
Asian
Latino
Other/Mixed
Sample size
Religion
63%
14%
3%
17%
3%
1,225
Philosophy/reason
64%
11%
5%
16%
4%
417
Common sense
60%
17%
4%
16%
4%
1,440
Science
49%
12%
1%
34%
4%
232
Don't know
61%
16%
2%
17%
3%
100
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Immigrant status among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who are…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
Immigrants
Second generation
Third generation or higher
Sample size
Religion
16%
8%
76%
1,224
Philosophy/reason
16%
12%
72%
420
Common sense
14%
12%
74%
1,433
Science
30%
11%
60%
232
Don't know
15%
7%
78%
101
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Income distribution among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who have a household income of…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
Less than $30,000
$30,000-$49,999
$50,000-$99,999
$100,000 or more
Sample size
Religion
36%
20%
28%
17%
1,083
Philosophy/reason
32%
18%
30%
21%
388
Common sense
40%
22%
24%
15%
1,279
Science
44%
22%
17%
17%
215
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Educational distribution among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who have completed…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
High school or less
Some college
College
Post-graduate degree
Sample size
Religion
43%
32%
15%
10%
1,234
Philosophy/reason
31%
32%
21%
17%
421
Common sense
47%
33%
13%
7%
1,453
Science
43%
25%
19%
13%
235
Don't know
29%
40%
14%
17%
106
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Marital status among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who are…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
Married
Living with a partner
Divorced/separated
Widowed
Never married
Sample size
Religion
53%
5%
13%
6%
23%
1,234
Philosophy/reason
40%
10%
14%
2%
34%
421
Common sense
42%
9%
15%
7%
27%
1,453
Science
35%
13%
11%
3%
38%
234
Don't know
56%
4%
10%
6%
25%
103
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Parent of children under 18 among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who are…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
Parents
Non-parents
Sample size
Religion
31%
69%
1,229
Philosophy/reason
29%
71%
422
Common sense
32%
68%
1,455
Science
30%
70%
234
Don't know
34%
66%
106
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in God among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who say they…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
Believe in God; absolutely certain
Believe in God; fairly certain
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain
Believe in God; don't know
Do not believe in God
Other/don't know if they believe in God
Sample size
Religion
86%
12%
1%
< 1%
< 1%
< 1%
1,236
Philosophy/reason
58%
26%
6%
< 1%
8%
2%
422
Common sense
71%
22%
4%
1%
2%
1%
1,457
Science
52%
34%
3%
< 1%
8%
2%
235
Don't know
70%
14%
4%
2%
1%
9%
107
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Importance of religion in one's life among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who say religion is…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
Very important
Somewhat important
Not too important
Not at all important
Don't know
Sample size
Religion
85%
13%
1%
< 1%
< 1%
1,236
Philosophy/reason
45%
39%
9%
7%
< 1%
422
Common sense
55%
35%
6%
3%
< 1%
1,457
Science
55%
32%
7%
6%
< 1%
235
Don't know
67%
19%
1%
6%
7%
107
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Attendance at religious services among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who attend religious services…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
At least once a week
Once or twice a month/a few times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Religion
49%
41%
9%
< 1%
1,236
Philosophy/reason
27%
50%
22%
< 1%
422
Common sense
28%
54%
18%
< 1%
1,457
Science
24%
53%
22%
< 1%
235
Don't know
33%
42%
19%
6%
107
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of prayer among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who pray…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
At least daily
Weekly
Monthly
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Religion
76%
19%
2%
2%
1%
1,236
Philosophy/reason
49%
25%
10%
16%
< 1%
422
Common sense
61%
24%
7%
7%
1%
1,457
Science
51%
28%
8%
12%
1%
235
Don't know
64%
20%
5%
4%
7%
107
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who attend prayer group…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Religion
25%
24%
15%
36%
< 1%
1,236
Philosophy/reason
12%
19%
17%
51%
< 1%
422
Common sense
13%
22%
13%
51%
< 1%
1,457
Science
13%
20%
16%
51%
< 1%
235
Don't know
9%
26%
12%
49%
4%
107
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of meditation among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who meditate…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Religion
37%
14%
5%
42%
2%
1,236
Philosophy/reason
44%
17%
3%
35%
1%
422
Common sense
37%
14%
4%
44%
1%
1,457
Science
41%
16%
2%
40%
< 1%
235
Don't know
37%
13%
6%
37%
6%
107
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Religion
68%
19%
7%
5%
1%
1,236
Philosophy/reason
55%
25%
10%
10%
1%
422
Common sense
56%
22%
11%
9%
1%
1,457
Science
54%
23%
13%
8%
2%
235
Don't know
64%
14%
8%
7%
7%
107
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Religion
42%
21%
13%
22%
2%
1,236
Philosophy/reason
57%
19%
10%
14%
< 1%
422
Common sense
42%
20%
13%
24%
1%
1,457
Science
46%
19%
13%
22%
1%
235
Don't know
57%
7%
16%
16%
4%
107
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who say…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
There are clear standards for what is right and wrong
Right or wrong depends on the situation
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Religion
42%
56%
1%
1%
1,236
Philosophy/reason
28%
70%
1%
1%
422
Common sense
28%
70%
1%
1%
1,457
Science
24%
74%
1%
1%
235
Don't know
24%
61%
10%
6%
107
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Interpreting scripture among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who say the holy scripture is…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
Word of God; should be taken literally
Word of God; not everything taken literally
Word of God; other/don't know
Not the word of God
Other/don't know
Sample size
Religion
50%
36%
3%
6%
5%
1,236
Philosophy/reason
16%
32%
< 1%
42%
10%
422
Common sense
26%
39%
3%
23%
9%
1,457
Science
26%
31%
1%
36%
5%
235
Don't know
21%
23%
11%
23%
22%
107
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Heaven among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who …in heaven
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Religion
91%
5%
4%
1,236
Philosophy/reason
68%
23%
8%
422
Common sense
84%
10%
6%
1,457
Science
70%
25%
5%
235
Don't know
73%
7%
20%
107
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Hell among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who …in hell
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Religion
79%
15%
7%
1,236
Philosophy/reason
48%
44%
8%
422
Common sense
65%
27%
8%
1,457
Science
61%
36%
3%
235
Don't know
50%
20%
30%
107
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Party affiliation among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who identify as…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
Republican/lean Rep.
No lean
Democrat/lean Dem.
Sample size
Religion
49%
15%
36%
1,236
Philosophy/reason
33%
18%
49%
422
Common sense
33%
16%
50%
1,457
Science
31%
14%
56%
235
Don't know
35%
30%
36%
107
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Political ideology among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who are…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
Conservative
Moderate
Liberal
Don't know
Sample size
Religion
49%
31%
15%
5%
1,236
Philosophy/reason
26%
35%
35%
4%
422
Common sense
34%
39%
22%
5%
1,457
Science
31%
37%
30%
3%
235
Don't know
39%
31%
19%
11%
107
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about size of government among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who would rather have…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
Smaller government; fewer services
Bigger government; more services
Depends
Don't know
Sample size
Religion
54%
41%
2%
4%
1,236
Philosophy/reason
44%
50%
4%
2%
422
Common sense
50%
43%
3%
4%
1,457
Science
37%
59%
1%
2%
235
Don't know
40%
35%
14%
11%
107
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about government aid to the poor among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who say government aid to the poor…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
Does more harm than good
Does more good than harm
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Religion
50%
46%
3%
1%
1,236
Philosophy/reason
38%
57%
4%
2%
422
Common sense
43%
53%
3%
1%
1,457
Science
35%
63%
2%
< 1%
235
Don't know
35%
41%
14%
10%
107
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about abortion among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who say abortion should be…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
Legal in all/most cases
Illegal in all/most cases
Don't know
Sample size
Religion
35%
62%
4%
1,236
Philosophy/reason
61%
37%
2%
422
Common sense
59%
38%
3%
1,457
Science
62%
37%
1%
235
Don't know
48%
35%
17%
107
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about homosexuality among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who say homosexuality…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
Should be accepted
Should be discouraged
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Religion
48%
43%
5%
4%
1,236
Philosophy/reason
75%
19%
5%
1%
422
Common sense
70%
24%
3%
3%
1,457
Science
78%
17%
1%
3%
235
Don't know
49%
18%
18%
15%
107
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about same-sex marriage among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who …same-sex marriage
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
Strongly favor/favor
Oppose/strongly oppose
Don't know
Sample size
Religion
38%
53%
9%
1,236
Philosophy/reason
70%
24%
6%
422
Common sense
57%
35%
9%
1,457
Science
71%
22%
7%
235
Don't know
40%
40%
20%
107
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about environmental regulation among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who say…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy
Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Religion
44%
51%
3%
2%
1,236
Philosophy/reason
31%
64%
4%
1%
422
Common sense
41%
54%
2%
2%
1,457
Science
29%
66%
1%
4%
235
Don't know
37%
50%
8%
5%
107
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about human evolution among adults who read scripture once or twice a month by sources of guidance on right and wrong
% of adults who read scripture once or twice a month who say humans…
Chart
Table
Share
Sources of guidance on right and wrong
Evolved; due to natural processes
Evolved; due to God's design
Evolved; don't know how
Always existed in present form
Don't know
Sample size
Religion
11%
33%
3%
48%
4%
1,236
Philosophy/reason
36%
35%
5%
23%
1%
422
Common sense
28%
31%
4%
33%
4%
1,457
Science
39%
27%
4%
29%
1%
235
Don't know
18%
15%
25%
22%
20%
107
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.