Belief in Heaven among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who …in heaven
Chart
Trends
Table
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Survey year
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
2014
71%
23%
6%
13,339
2007
77%
16%
8%
14,306
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Heaven among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by religious group
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who …in heaven
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Religious tradition
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Buddhist
44%
50%
6%
134
Catholic
84%
11%
5%
2,884
Evangelical Protestant
91%
5%
4%
2,210
Hindu
51%
38%
11%
103
Historically Black Protestant
95%
3%
3%
1,326
Jehovah's Witness
50%
45%
6%
109
Jewish
36%
54%
10%
442
Mainline Protestant
80%
14%
6%
1,908
Mormon
94%
3%
4%
119
Muslim
89%
7%
4%
163
Unaffiliated (religious "nones")
39%
53%
8%
3,419
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Age distribution among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who are ages…
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Belief in Heaven
18-29
30-49
50-64
65+
Sample size
Believe
27%
35%
25%
14%
8,641
Don't believe
30%
35%
21%
13%
3,623
Other/don't know
23%
32%
28%
16%
838
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Generational cohort among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who are…
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Belief in Heaven
Younger Millennial
Older Millennial
Generation X
Baby Boomer
Silent
Greatest
Sample size
Believe
17%
16%
28%
29%
9%
1%
8,641
Don't believe
19%
19%
28%
26%
8%
1%
3,623
Other/don't know
15%
15%
26%
34%
10%
< 1%
838
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Gender composition among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who are…
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Belief in Heaven
Men
Women
Sample size
Believe
38%
62%
8,798
Don't believe
51%
49%
3,675
Other/don't know
42%
58%
866
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Racial and ethnic composition among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who identify as…
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Belief in Heaven
White
Black
Asian
Latino
Other/Mixed
Sample size
Believe
43%
24%
4%
25%
4%
8,722
Don't believe
66%
6%
7%
17%
4%
3,636
Other/don't know
56%
12%
5%
23%
5%
852
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Immigrant status among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who are…
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Belief in Heaven
Immigrants
Second generation
Third generation or higher
Sample size
Believe
23%
11%
66%
8,618
Don't believe
21%
13%
66%
3,634
Other/don't know
24%
11%
65%
849
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Income distribution among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who have a household income of…
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Belief in Heaven
Less than $30,000
$30,000-$49,999
$50,000-$99,999
$100,000 or more
Sample size
Believe
52%
19%
19%
10%
7,703
Don't believe
28%
19%
27%
26%
3,338
Other/don't know
43%
18%
21%
18%
724
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Educational distribution among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who have completed…
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Belief in Heaven
High school or less
Some college
College
Post-graduate degree
Sample size
Believe
53%
28%
11%
7%
8,745
Don't believe
28%
25%
25%
21%
3,657
Other/don't know
41%
27%
18%
13%
858
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Marital status among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who are…
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Belief in Heaven
Married
Living with a partner
Divorced/separated
Widowed
Never married
Sample size
Believe
38%
9%
15%
7%
31%
8,765
Don't believe
43%
11%
12%
3%
31%
3,658
Other/don't know
40%
8%
14%
6%
32%
856
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Parent of children under 18 among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who are…
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Belief in Heaven
Parents
Non-parents
Sample size
Believe
33%
67%
8,768
Don't believe
25%
75%
3,665
Other/don't know
28%
72%
862
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in God among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who say they…
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Belief in Heaven
Believe in God; absolutely certain
Believe in God; fairly certain
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain
Believe in God; don't know
Do not believe in God
Other/don't know if they believe in God
Sample size
Believe
72%
22%
4%
1%
1%
1%
8,798
Don't believe
20%
19%
12%
< 1%
45%
4%
3,675
Other/don't know
43%
28%
12%
2%
6%
9%
866
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Importance of religion in one's life among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who say religion is…
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Belief in Heaven
Very important
Somewhat important
Not too important
Not at all important
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
65%
26%
6%
3%
< 1%
8,798
Don't believe
17%
20%
23%
40%
1%
3,675
Other/don't know
37%
29%
20%
11%
2%
866
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Attendance at religious services among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who attend religious services…
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Belief in Heaven
At least once a week
Once or twice a month/a few times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
40%
38%
21%
1%
8,798
Don't believe
11%
28%
61%
< 1%
3,675
Other/don't know
25%
33%
41%
1%
866
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of prayer among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who pray…
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Belief in Heaven
At least daily
Weekly
Monthly
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
65%
18%
6%
11%
1%
8,798
Don't believe
19%
10%
6%
65%
< 1%
3,675
Other/don't know
43%
16%
7%
32%
2%
866
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who attend prayer group…
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Belief in Heaven
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
29%
12%
10%
49%
1%
8,798
Don't believe
7%
4%
5%
84%
< 1%
3,675
Other/don't know
19%
7%
6%
67%
2%
866
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of meditation among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who meditate…
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Belief in Heaven
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
43%
9%
4%
42%
1%
8,798
Don't believe
31%
10%
6%
52%
1%
3,675
Other/don't know
42%
8%
4%
43%
3%
866
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…
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Belief in Heaven
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
62%
15%
10%
12%
1%
8,798
Don't believe
41%
17%
11%
30%
2%
3,675
Other/don't know
54%
13%
10%
19%
3%
866
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…
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Belief in Heaven
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
44%
16%
13%
27%
1%
8,798
Don't believe
49%
17%
14%
20%
1%
3,675
Other/don't know
51%
15%
11%
20%
3%
866
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Sources of guidance on right and wrong among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong
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Belief in Heaven
Religion
Philosophy/reason
Common sense
Science
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
37%
9%
44%
8%
2%
8,798
Don't believe
8%
21%
47%
22%
2%
3,675
Other/don't know
20%
17%
46%
13%
5%
866
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in absolute standards for right and wrong among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who say…
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Belief in Heaven
There are clear standards for what is right and wrong
Right or wrong depends on the situation
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
25%
73%
1%
1%
8,798
Don't believe
17%
81%
1%
1%
3,675
Other/don't know
20%
78%
< 1%
1%
866
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of reading scripture among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who read scripture…
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Belief in Heaven
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
41%
13%
9%
37%
1%
8,798
Don't believe
9%
5%
7%
78%
< 1%
3,675
Other/don't know
26%
9%
8%
56%
2%
866
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Interpreting scripture among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who say the holy scripture is…
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Belief in Heaven
Word of God; should be taken literally
Word of God; not everything taken literally
Word of God; other/don't know
Not the word of God
Other/don't know
Sample size
Believe
44%
29%
2%
19%
5%
8,798
Don't believe
7%
8%
1%
81%
4%
3,675
Other/don't know
16%
14%
3%
49%
19%
866
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Hell among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who …in hell
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Belief in Heaven
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Believe
75%
20%
5%
8,798
Don't believe
7%
93%
1%
3,675
Other/don't know
16%
30%
54%
866
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Party affiliation among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who identify as…
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Belief in Heaven
Republican/lean Rep.
No lean
Democrat/lean Dem.
Sample size
Believe
20%
19%
60%
8,798
Don't believe
8%
14%
78%
3,675
Other/don't know
11%
25%
64%
866
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Political ideology among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who are…
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Belief in Heaven
Conservative
Moderate
Liberal
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
28%
35%
30%
7%
8,798
Don't believe
9%
25%
62%
5%
3,675
Other/don't know
17%
32%
38%
13%
866
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about government aid to the poor among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who say government aid to the poor…
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Belief in Heaven
Does more harm than good
Does more good than harm
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
28%
67%
3%
2%
8,798
Don't believe
16%
81%
2%
1%
3,675
Other/don't know
20%
73%
5%
1%
866
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about abortion among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who say abortion should be…
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Belief in Heaven
Legal in all/most cases
Illegal in all/most cases
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
52%
44%
4%
8,798
Don't believe
81%
17%
2%
3,675
Other/don't know
66%
29%
5%
866
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about homosexuality among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who say homosexuality…
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Belief in Heaven
Should be accepted
Should be discouraged
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
65%
29%
3%
3%
8,798
Don't believe
88%
9%
1%
1%
3,675
Other/don't know
73%
17%
3%
6%
866
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about same-sex marriage among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who …same-sex marriage
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Belief in Heaven
Strongly favor/favor
Oppose/strongly oppose
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
55%
38%
7%
8,798
Don't believe
86%
11%
3%
3,675
Other/don't know
68%
22%
11%
866
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about environmental regulation among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who say…
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Table
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Belief in Heaven
Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy
Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
31%
64%
2%
3%
8,798
Don't believe
13%
84%
1%
1%
3,675
Other/don't know
21%
72%
2%
6%
866
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about human evolution among adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services by belief in heaven
% of adults who would rather have a bigger government with more services who say humans…
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Table
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Belief in Heaven
Evolved; due to natural processes
Evolved; due to God's design
Evolved; don't know how
Always existed in present form
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
26%
29%
3%
37%
4%
8,798
Don't believe
73%
11%
2%
12%
1%
3,675
Other/don't know
46%
14%
11%
21%
8%
866
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.