Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Heaven among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by religious group
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who …in heaven
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Religious tradition
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Buddhist
46%
46%
8%
212
Catholic
83%
11%
6%
4,619
Evangelical Protestant
90%
5%
5%
3,811
Hindu
50%
40%
10%
158
Historically Black Protestant
93%
4%
3%
1,290
Jewish
38%
51%
11%
633
Mainline Protestant
79%
13%
8%
3,901
Mormon
92%
4%
4%
267
Muslim
88%
8%
5%
178
Orthodox Christian
81%
8%
11%
113
Unaffiliated (religious "nones")
36%
56%
9%
5,875
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Age distribution among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who are ages…
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Belief in Heaven
18-29
30-49
50-64
65+
Sample size
Believe
25%
34%
25%
17%
13,941
Don't believe
31%
35%
21%
14%
5,972
Other/don't know
22%
31%
26%
20%
1,637
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Generational cohort among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who are…
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Belief in Heaven
Younger Millennial
Older Millennial
Generation X
Baby Boomer
Silent
Greatest
Sample size
Believe
16%
15%
28%
30%
11%
1%
13,941
Don't believe
19%
19%
27%
25%
9%
1%
5,972
Other/don't know
14%
15%
24%
32%
13%
2%
1,637
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Gender composition among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who are…
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Belief in Heaven
Men
Women
Sample size
Believe
43%
57%
14,193
Don't believe
57%
43%
6,058
Other/don't know
49%
51%
1,704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Racial and ethnic composition among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who identify as…
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Belief in Heaven
White
Black
Asian
Latino
Other/Mixed
Sample size
Believe
60%
16%
4%
17%
4%
14,059
Don't believe
72%
5%
7%
13%
4%
5,968
Other/don't know
68%
8%
4%
15%
5%
1,662
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Immigrant status among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who are…
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Belief in Heaven
Immigrants
Second generation
Third generation or higher
Sample size
Believe
16%
10%
74%
13,975
Don't believe
16%
13%
70%
5,999
Other/don't know
16%
11%
73%
1,664
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Income distribution among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who have a household income of…
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Belief in Heaven
Less than $30,000
$30,000-$49,999
$50,000-$99,999
$100,000 or more
Sample size
Believe
41%
21%
24%
14%
12,345
Don't believe
25%
19%
28%
27%
5,479
Other/don't know
36%
21%
23%
21%
1,389
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Educational distribution among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who have completed…
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Belief in Heaven
High school or less
Some college
College
Post-graduate degree
Sample size
Believe
47%
31%
13%
8%
14,121
Don't believe
28%
29%
24%
18%
6,034
Other/don't know
38%
30%
18%
13%
1,688
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Marital status among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who are…
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Belief in Heaven
Married
Living with a partner
Divorced/separated
Widowed
Never married
Sample size
Believe
44%
8%
14%
8%
27%
14,140
Don't believe
42%
11%
12%
3%
31%
6,037
Other/don't know
44%
8%
13%
7%
28%
1,675
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Parent of children under 18 among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who are…
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Belief in Heaven
Parents
Non-parents
Sample size
Believe
30%
70%
14,144
Don't believe
25%
75%
6,042
Other/don't know
26%
74%
1,695
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in God among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who say they…
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Belief in Heaven
Believe in God; absolutely certain
Believe in God; fairly certain
Believe in God; not too/not at all certain
Believe in God; don't know
Do not believe in God
Other/don't know if they believe in God
Sample size
Believe
71%
23%
4%
1%
1%
1%
14,193
Don't believe
18%
20%
13%
1%
44%
5%
6,058
Other/don't know
41%
27%
11%
2%
6%
14%
1,704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Importance of religion in one's life among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who say religion is…
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Belief in Heaven
Very important
Somewhat important
Not too important
Not at all important
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
59%
30%
8%
3%
< 1%
14,193
Don't believe
12%
20%
25%
43%
1%
6,058
Other/don't know
31%
32%
21%
13%
3%
1,704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Attendance at religious services among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who attend religious services…
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Belief in Heaven
At least once a week
Once or twice a month/a few times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
37%
39%
23%
< 1%
14,193
Don't believe
8%
27%
65%
< 1%
6,058
Other/don't know
21%
32%
45%
2%
1,704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of prayer among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who pray…
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Belief in Heaven
At least daily
Weekly
Monthly
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
61%
19%
7%
13%
1%
14,193
Don't believe
16%
9%
6%
68%
1%
6,058
Other/don't know
38%
16%
8%
34%
3%
1,704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who attend prayer group…
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Belief in Heaven
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
24%
11%
9%
55%
1%
14,193
Don't believe
5%
3%
4%
87%
< 1%
6,058
Other/don't know
12%
7%
7%
72%
2%
1,704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of meditation among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who meditate…
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Belief in Heaven
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
40%
9%
4%
46%
1%
14,193
Don't believe
30%
11%
6%
53%
1%
6,058
Other/don't know
36%
10%
5%
46%
3%
1,704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who feel a sense of spiritual peace and wellbeing…
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Belief in Heaven
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
59%
16%
10%
13%
1%
14,193
Don't believe
40%
16%
11%
32%
1%
6,058
Other/don't know
49%
14%
12%
21%
4%
1,704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of feeling wonder about the universe among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who feel a sense of wonder about the universe…
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Belief in Heaven
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
42%
16%
13%
27%
1%
14,193
Don't believe
50%
16%
13%
20%
1%
6,058
Other/don't know
49%
15%
12%
20%
3%
1,704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Sources of guidance on right and wrong among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who say they look to…most for guidance on right and wrong
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Belief in Heaven
Religion
Philosophy/reason
Common sense
Science
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
32%
9%
49%
7%
2%
14,193
Don't believe
5%
20%
53%
20%
2%
6,058
Other/don't know
14%
16%
54%
10%
5%
1,704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Frequency of reading scripture among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who read scripture…
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Table
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Belief in Heaven
At least once a week
Once or twice a month
Several times a year
Seldom/never
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
36%
13%
10%
42%
1%
14,193
Don't believe
8%
5%
7%
80%
< 1%
6,058
Other/don't know
20%
8%
9%
60%
3%
1,704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Interpreting scripture among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who say the holy scripture is…
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Belief in Heaven
Word of God; should be taken literally
Word of God; not everything taken literally
Word of God; other/don't know
Not the word of God
Other/don't know
Sample size
Believe
34%
34%
3%
23%
7%
14,193
Don't believe
4%
7%
< 1%
85%
5%
6,058
Other/don't know
11%
14%
3%
50%
22%
1,704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Belief in Hell among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who …in hell
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Table
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Belief in Heaven
Believe
Don't believe
Other/don't know
Sample size
Believe
73%
21%
6%
14,193
Don't believe
5%
95%
1%
6,058
Other/don't know
15%
29%
56%
1,704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Party affiliation among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who identify as…
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Belief in Heaven
Republican/lean Rep.
No lean
Democrat/lean Dem.
Sample size
Believe
33%
19%
48%
14,193
Don't believe
19%
18%
63%
6,058
Other/don't know
25%
27%
48%
1,704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Political ideology among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who are…
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Belief in Heaven
Conservative
Moderate
Liberal
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
33%
38%
23%
6%
14,193
Don't believe
14%
33%
48%
5%
6,058
Other/don't know
24%
37%
29%
11%
1,704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about size of government among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who would rather have…
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Belief in Heaven
Smaller government; fewer services
Bigger government; more services
Depends
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
45%
49%
2%
4%
14,193
Don't believe
44%
49%
4%
3%
6,058
Other/don't know
43%
41%
6%
9%
1,704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about government aid to the poor among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who say government aid to the poor…
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Belief in Heaven
Does more harm than good
Does more good than harm
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
41%
53%
4%
2%
14,193
Don't believe
30%
66%
3%
1%
6,058
Other/don't know
34%
54%
7%
5%
1,704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about abortion among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who say abortion should be…
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Belief in Heaven
Legal in all/most cases
Illegal in all/most cases
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
53%
43%
4%
14,193
Don't believe
82%
16%
2%
6,058
Other/don't know
64%
28%
8%
1,704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about homosexuality among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who say homosexuality…
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Belief in Heaven
Should be accepted
Should be discouraged
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
64%
28%
4%
3%
14,193
Don't believe
87%
9%
2%
2%
6,058
Other/don't know
72%
17%
5%
6%
1,704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about same-sex marriage among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who …same-sex marriage
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Belief in Heaven
Strongly favor/favor
Oppose/strongly oppose
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
54%
38%
8%
14,193
Don't believe
84%
12%
4%
6,058
Other/don't know
65%
23%
12%
1,704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about environmental regulation among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who say…
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Table
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Belief in Heaven
Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy
Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost
Neither/both equally
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
37%
58%
2%
3%
14,193
Don't believe
21%
75%
2%
2%
6,058
Other/don't know
29%
60%
5%
7%
1,704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.
Views about human evolution among adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation by belief in heaven
% of adults who say that right or wrong depends on the situation who say humans…
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Belief in Heaven
Evolved; due to natural processes
Evolved; due to God's design
Evolved; don't know how
Always existed in present form
Don't know
Sample size
Believe
26%
31%
4%
34%
4%
14,193
Don't believe
74%
10%
3%
10%
1%
6,058
Other/don't know
43%
17%
12%
19%
9%
1,704
Sample sizes and margins of error vary from subgroup to subgroup, from year to year and from state to state. You can see the sample size for the estimates in this chart on rollover or in the last column of the table. And visit this table to see approximate margins of error for a group of a given size. Readers should always bear in mind the approximate margin of error for the group they are examining when making comparisons with other groups or assessing the significance of trends over time. For full question wording, see the survey questionnaire.