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Home Research Topics Religion Religions Islam Muslims Around the World
Pew Research CenterNovember 22, 2017
Europe’s Growing Muslim Population

Fertility and migration drove Muslim population growth in Europe between 2010 and 2016

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Fertility and migration drove Muslim population growth in Europe between 2010 and 2016

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Europe’s Growing Muslim Population
Amount of growth in Europe’s Muslim population depends on future migration
Migrants flow chart
In three migration scenarios, population decline for Europe’s non-Muslims, population growth for Muslims
Fertility and migration drove Muslim population growth in Europe between 2010 and 2016
About one-quarter of recent immigrants to Europe are refugees
Europe has experienced surge of refugees since 2014
Majority of recent refugees are Muslim
Syria and India top list of countries of origin of migrants to Europe, mid-2010 to mid-2016
Morocco, Pakistan, Bangladesh top list of countries of origin for regular Muslim migrants to Europe
UK received largest number of total immigrants to Europe, 2010-2016
Germany is top European destination for Muslim refugees by a wide margin; UK is top destination for other Muslim migrants
In countries with more asylum seekers from Iraq and Syria, perceptions of threat are generally lower
Effects of migration on European population
Projected Muslim counts over time under different migration scenarios
The size of the European Muslim population in 2050 depends largely on the future of migration
With continued migration, some countries would see dramatic rise in population’s share of Muslims
In Europe, Muslims projected to have more children than non-Muslims
Estimated total fertility rates (children born per woman) over time in Europe, for medium migration scenario
Muslims in Europe are much younger than non-Muslims
Muslims are younger than non-Muslims
Muslims make up 4.9% of Europe’s population in 2016
Muslims in the EU, Norway and Switzerland in 2050: zero migration scenario
Muslims in the EU, Norway and Switzerland in 2050: medium migration scenario
Muslims in the EU, Norway and Switzerland in 2050: high migration scenario

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