Europe & Russia

Household size and composition often vary by religious affiliation, data from 130 countries and territories reveals. Muslims and Hindus have larger households than Christians and religious “nones,” influenced in part by regional norms.

In EU countries with higher unemployment, people are more pessimistic about job prospects. Youth unemployment and lack of economic growth are also factors.

Negative views of China predominate in the U.S., Canada and Western Europe. China also receives unfavorable marks from many neighbors in the Asia-Pacific region.

Americans and Germans continue to have notably different perspectives on the relationship between their countries.

A look at how supporters of European populist parties stand out on key issues, from the European Union to Putin.

In this Q&A and video, learn about the methods and data sources the Center used to estimate the number of unauthorized immigrants in Europe.

The number of unauthorized immigrants living in Europe increased between 2014 and 2016, then leveled off to an estimated 3.9 million to 4.8 million in 2017, according to new estimates from Pew Research Center.

The size of Europe’s unauthorized immigrant population in 2017 was less than half the number in the United States.

Most live in Germany, the UK, Italy and France, and about half had arrived in Europe in recent years. Overall, these migrants account for less than 1% of Europe’s total population.

An estimated 800,000 to 1.2 million unauthorized immigrants lived in the United Kingdom in 2017, according to new Pew Research Center estimates based on the latest available data.