Publications

The difference between the earnings of men and women has barely closed in the United States in the past two decades. This gap persists even as women today are more likely than men to have graduated from college, suggesting other factors are at play such as parenthood and other family needs.

In 2022, women earned an average of 82% of what men earned, according to a new analysis of median hourly earnings of full- and part-time workers.

About a third of U.S. parents with children under 18 say it’s extremely or very important to them that their kids share their religious beliefs.

Mental health concerns top the list of worries for parents, followed by concerns about their children being bullied. The vast majority of parents say being a parent is enjoyable and rewarding all or most of the time, but substantial shares also find it tiring and stressful.

How are U.S. parents raising their children these days, and how does their approach compare with the way their own parents raised them?

A quarter of U.S. parents of K-12 students say racism or racial inequality comes up in conversation with their children very or fairly often.

Additionally, about half of lower-income parents (52%) say they have not had enough money for food or their rent or mortgage.

The share of young employees who have been with their employer three years or more has remained relatively steady over time.

About six-in-ten parents of K-12 children (61%) say the first year of the pandemic had a negative effect on their children’s education.

Republican and Democratic parents differ widely over what their children should learn at school about gender identity, slavery and other topics, but they are equally satisfied with the quality of education their children are receiving.