Last week, the U.S. news media turned inward. 
For the first time in nearly two months, a domestic—rather than international—crisis led the news as the threat of a government shutdown (averted at nearly the last second) was the No. 1 story. A closely related topic, the overall economy, driven by Representative Paul Ryan’s controversial 2012 budget blueprint, was the second-biggest topic.
The two domestic issues combined to fill 40% of the newshole from April 4-10, according to the Pew Research Center’s Project for Excellence in Journalism. The two overseas events that have been dominating the news in recent weeks—turmoil in the Mideast and the earthquake in Japan—accounted for less than half as much attention (18%). Just one week earlier, those foreign stories accounted for 50% of the overall coverage compared with only 15% for the economy and the threat of a shutdown.
The looming government shutdown, avoided with a late-night compromise on April 8, topped the news last week, at 29%. For much of the week, the narrative functioned as a countdown clock to a potential stoppage, zigging and zagging as prospects for a deal rose and fell. Both sides also used the media to amplify strategic talking points, as Democrats portrayed Republicans as fighting over social issues and Republicans depicted Democrats as wavering on spending cuts.
The shutdown maneuvering was the top story in four of the five media sectors studied. But as is often the case with a politically charged issue, it generated the most attention by far in the cable news sector—accounting for more than half the airtime, 53%, studied by PEJ.
The week’s No. 2 story, at 11%, was the U.S. economy, which prominently featured Ryan’s dramatic 2012 budget blueprint that contains major spending cuts and significant changes to Medicare and Medicaid. The economy was the top story, 21%, in the newspaper sector.
The third-biggest story, also at 11%, was the turmoil in the Middle East, dominated again by the civil war in Libya. But the real news is how precipitously coverage dropped from the previous week, when it accounted for 38% of the newshole. Last week marked the lowest level of Mideast coverage since the story exploded in the U.S. media with massive protests in Egypt in late January.
The No. 4 subject, at 7%, was coverage of the aftermath of the Japanese earthquake and tsunami. Coverage has steadily diminished in recent weeks and is down from 12% the previous week.
The fifth-biggest story, at 5%, involved U.S. anti-terrorism efforts with coverage fueled by the news that the U.S. will try alleged 9/11 mastermind Khalid Sheikh Mohammed in a military court at Guantanamo Bay.
The Budget Battles
In many ways, last week’s run-up to the last-minute budget deal was a made-for-media event. There was plenty of drama with the looming deadline, there were a few key players to focus on—President Obama, House Speaker John Boehner and Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid—and there was constant toggling back and forth between optimism and pessimism.
Pessimism was the overriding sentiment on April 6, when ABC Good Morning American anchor George Stephanopoulos summed up the state of things. “House Speaker John Boehner and Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid met last night to try and make a deal to avoid this government shutdown,” he said. “But…the prospect for a shutdown on Friday is now greater than ever.”
The next day on CNN, Anderson Cooper reported on Obama’s assessment that “we made some progress today.” Cooper then laid out the sticking points, declaring that “the two sides [are] still divided on additions to the bill, so-called policy riders, cutting funding for Planned Parenthood and several organizations that conservatives object to.”
On Friday, April 8, Fox News host Bill O’Reilly addressed the competing arguments over who was to blame for the stalemate: “Some people say money remains the issue blocking a budget deal—how much federal spending to cut. Others say ideology is in play—that conservatives want to cut things like Planned Parenthood and Democrats do not.” O’Reilly made clear his view that Planned Parenthood should not receive government funding.
Finally, on Friday night, the two sides announced an agreement to stave off a shutdown, one that entailed $38 billion in spending cuts, but without riders that would have cut funding for Planned Parenthood and some environmental regulation. And the media quickly switched to post-mortem mode.
On Sunday April 10, the New York Times asserted that, “both sides are declaring some victories, and details of the full impact of the cuts have yet to emerge.” And the story also evaluated the political fortunes of two principal players.
“Though Mr. Boehner won significant ground and the applause of his caucus, his approach this week—like Mr. Obama’s—carries the risk that some will view him as too conciliatory, as illustrated by the 54 Republicans who voted against an earlier temporary spending bill, forcing the speaker to rely on votes from Democrats to get it through.” 
But if this year’s budget was the major newsmaker last week, a dramatic 2012 budget blueprint from the Republicans—setting the stage for a battle down the road—accounted for the vast majority of the week’s economic coverage (11%).
“House Republicans on Tuesday unveiled an ambitious and politically perilous plan to resize the government and stem the $14 trillion national debt by slashing spending on domestic programs and fundamentally overhauling government health programs,” stated the April 6 Washington Post. “The proposal urges a sweeping transformation of federal health programs that would wipe out funding for Obama’s health-care initiative and end Medicare as an open-ended entitlement.”
The reaction, as sampled on MSNBC’s April 6 Countdown show, was largely partisan and predictable. 
“The possible [GOP] presidential candidates offered polite praise and very careful wording,” declared host Chris Matthews. “Tim Pawlenty said the Ryan plan is offering ‘real leadership.’ Mitch Daniels called it ‘the first serious proposal.’ Mike Huckabee said ‘it’s a start.’ Mitt Romney actually said Ryan is ‘setting the right tone.’ And Sarah Palin said ‘it’s a good start.’”
The reaction from the administration was far chillier, with Matthews citing a statement by White House press secretary Jay Carney that the plan “cuts taxes for millionaires and special interests while placing a greater burden on seniors who depend on Medicare or live in nursing homes, families struggling with a child who has serious disabilities, workers who have lost their health care coverage and students and their families who rely on Pell grants.”
With the near-term government shutdown averted and Obama slated to lay out his own fiscal blueprint this week, the coming battle over more sweeping deficit reduction may be the next major economic storyline.
The Rest of the Week’s News
Coverage of the Mideast, which was once again dominated by events in Libya, was down dramatically last week. It generated the most attention in the online sector (15% of the newshole) where it registered as the No. 2 story.
A good deal of last week’s coverage involved signs of tension between NATO forces and the rebel fighters they are backing with the rebels complaining about a lack of NATO military support and news of a NATO airstrike that inadvertently hit rebels forces. With no definitive military resolution in sight, the U.S. media appear to be disengaging from the conflict.
At the same time, attention to the aftermath of the Japanese earthquake, driven again last week by concerns about radioactivity leaking from the damaged Fukushima nuclear plant, continues its downward trajectory. It too, generated the most coverage (11%) in the online sector, which tends to be more oriented toward international news. Last week’s storylines included fears about the safety of seafood coming from Japan.
Finally, the fifth-biggest story—the decision to try Khalid Sheikh Mohammed in a military rather than civilian court—represented a major reversal of course for the Obama Administration. An Associated Press story indicated how much backlash the civilian trial idea had generated.
“After months of delay, the administration finally backed off Attorney General Eric Holder’s November 2009 announcement that [the trial would be held] in a courthouse just blocks from the World Trade Center site in downtown Manhattan that was attacked on Sept. 11, 2001,” the story stated. “That announcement created intense political opposition among Republicans and ultimately even among some Democrats, particularly in New York.”
Newsmakers of the Week 
Four of the five top newsmakers last week—two Democrats and two Republicans—were intimately involved with the Beltway budget debates. President Obama was No. 1, a dominant newsmaker in 6% of the week’s stories. (To register as dominant newsmaker, someone must be featured in at least 50% of a story.)
Three key legislators came next. Paul Ryan, chairman of the House Budget Committee, was the No. 2 newsmaker, registering in 2% of the week’s stories. House Speaker John Boehner was No. 3, also at 2%, while Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid was a dominant newsmaker in 1% of the stories.
Former Ivory Coast president Laurent Gbagbo—who found himself under siege last week as fighting raged in that country—was also a lead newsmaker in 1% of the stories. (On Monday April 11, Gbagbo was arrested by forces supporting Alassane Ouattara, the rightful winner of the presidential election held last November.)
About the NCI
PEJ’s weekly News Coverage Index examines the news agenda of 52 different outlets from five sectors of the media: print, online, network TV, cable and radio. (See List of Outlets.) The weekly study, which includes some 1,000 stories, is designed to provide news consumers, journalists and researchers with hard data about what stories and topics the media are covering, the trajectories of that media narrative and differences among news platforms. The percentages are based on "newshole," or the space devoted to each subject in print and online and time on radio and TV. (See Our Methodology.) In addition, these reports also include a rundown of the week’s leading newsmakers, a designation given to people who account for at least 50% of a given story.
Mark Jurkowitz of PEJ
